Evening News Essay Example for Free

Evening News EssayNews is information or a presentation about current events and is reported by a variety of means such as countersignpapers, periodicals, radio, television and websites on the network. The reporting of currents f each(prenominal)s into the field of journalism, which ar typically written or charge in news style. Most news is investigated and presented by journalists and can be distri stilled to various sites via news agencies.On the other hand, according to a web encyclopedia, pithy for Web log, a blog is a Web page that serves as a publicly accessible person-to-person journal for an individual. Typically updated daily, blogs often bounce the in-personity of the author.(par. 1). A blog is a mixture of a persons experiences in life and what is happening on the Web. It is like a kind of a personal diary-cum-guide site.There are unique types of people, thus, there are as many unique types of blogs as well. In another case, a blog is also a web site that con tains dated entries in reverse chronological order (most recent first) about a particular topic. Functioning as an online newsletter, blogs can be written by one person or a group of contributors. Entries contain commentary and links to other Web sites, and images as well as a search facility is also included. Most blogs also invite feedback and comments from visitors and Internet newsgroup discussions, which tend to be to a greater extent question-and-answer oriented.People have already keep blogs before but it only gained momentum in 1999 when automated published systems were introduced. Nowadays, thousands of people use web site blog hosting services to simplify and facilitate the publishing process. The template-based software makes it easy to create an online blog and continuously allows you to add entries.Similarly like news, a blog is a form of media. However, news is considered a traditional media while blog is connoted as internet type of media. It is a platform to commun icate what anyone may wish to let anyone know within go of an internet connection.In traditional media, you are first defined by your medium. There is some constraint on how the contents are delivered physically or digitally which is determined by your medium. According to Maverick blog article, There is a cost versus time versus interest versus access series of constraints that determines who your audience is, how you top them and what they expect of you. Over time, those constraints have evolved our media into very defined roles(par. 3).Blogs are different. There is no cost constraint. It costs nothing to create a blog. There are time constraints, but much less than traditional media. Bloggers are not pressured to publish or create an article on a schedule. Blogging is basically personal and this is where the paths of blogging and traditional media diverge. Traditional media is business, thus it has become exclusively corporate while blogging remains almost exclusively personal. However, some bloggers have started to make money from their blogs but what they put in their blogs is all up to them which gives them satisfaction.Members of traditional media are employees. They get employ for a specific job and they have to do that job. They get hired by a corporation that is most likely public, which means that their employers are concerned in getting their stock price up above all else. Thus, they bring out news and articles that is dictated by subjects perceived to make more money. In comparison to mainstream media, blog gives anyone the freedom to write about anything. They can write opinion. They can report facts. They can ask questions. They can write any topics they want. Individual Web surfers target their own eclectic and varied thoughts. Still, others such as known political parties, religious and professional groups, businesses, and media organizations have created their own blog sites too.A report by Snow states that, audience for blogs in general is more than 3.5 million strong, and growing. One group that surveys political blogs believes between 20,000 and 25,000 people are regularly talking about political topics on Weblogs. These days people from every corner of the country are finding each other on screen. The impact of all this dialogue is hard to gauge, but it is clearly shaping political sympathies and media coverage(par. 16-18).Wright also presented that Blogging grew from the ground up as a grassroots effort. What started as a few people conversing about common interests via real-time Internet postings has become a continuous conversation among millions of bloggers and readers. With millions of bloggers expressing their thoughts, experiences, and information theyve learned in their fields of interest, this medium has become a worldwide forum(3).Another evoke development of blog in comparison to traditional media is that even news agencies have created their own section termed newsblogs. Auty argues that newsblogs supplement and work alongside traditional news media by filtering and reporting news. She praises the growth of personal diaries and eyewitness accounts (such as those that sprung up after 9/ 11) but overall sees blogs as being a new agency of distributing and collecting the news rather than a new source of news itself(341).The rapid pace of technology is changing the nature of blogs as well. The popularity of digital audio players such as the iPod has spurred the growth of blogs with audio content. People can download a wide range of audio files like music and discover to them at their convenience using a PC or a portable media player. The rapid adoption in the use of cell phones with built-in digital cameras and wireless Internet connections is also changing the face and pace of blogging. Bloggers armed with these tools can snap a picture, writes a short caption and then post it on a moblog or mobile log, regardless of time and place. Thus, with these conveniences brought about by blogging and the personal satisfaction they give on people, it is not impress that future generations will no longer subscribe to traditional media. As Wright argues, blogs have the power to create businesses, change the course of political history, and transform the way the mainstream or traditional media looks at itself.(2).BIBLIOGRAPHYAuty, Caroline(Editor). Politics and Government in the Age of the Internet.Bradford, , UK Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2005. p 341.Blogging Vs. Traditional Media. Blog Maverick Website. May 13, 2006.27 Oct. 2006http//www.blogmaverick.com/2006/05/13/Snow, Kate. The Power of the Blog. ABC News website. Sept. 26, 2004.27 Oct. 2006http//abcnews.go.com/Politics/Vote2004/story?id=123452page=2Webopedia. The No. 1 Online Encyclopedia dedicated to Computer Technology.26 Oct. 2006http//www.webopedia.com/ stipulation/b/blog.htmlWright, Jeremy. Blog Marketing.Blacklick, OH, USA McGraw-Hill Companies, The, 2005. p 2-3.

The 2008 Presidency Essay Example for Free

The 2008 Presidency EssayThe race to the White House has long been underway. Both Republican and Democrat parties are in the influence of selecting their respective nominees for the presidency. Currently, John McCain is recognized as the Republican nominee while Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama are the primary contenders for the Democrat nomination. A review of their stand on condition(p) issues, as well as their personal and political background is as follows John McCain John McCain is presently senator of the state of Arizona. Before he entered regime, he was an officeholder in the U. S. Navy for 22 years (America. gov).He served in Vietnam and was the recipient of not a few honors for his exemplary performance of duty. McCain ran for Republican nomination in the last elections but lost the battle to George Bush. The emphasis of McCain is in homeland security and the threats of terrorism. His view is that strengthening the military and continuing the role of the U. S. tro ops in Iraq will guarantee a safer America (Washingtonpost. com). Incidentally, his son is overly in active duty in that arena. Once elected, he will call for modernisation in the military and the use of national missile defense systems.High technology weaponry will enable the U. S. to prevent and counteract the anticipated attacks from non-democratic states. He also sees the need for the adequately training the Iraqi military forces to raise their capacity to perform their responsibilities without the assistance of U. S. troops. If America would withdraw its troops this early, this would result in widespread civil unrest. Further, the U. S. should also force Iraqs neighbors, Syria and Iran, to halt their support to al-Q back upa in order to isolate Iraq and effectively contain terrorism in that country (Washingtonpost. om). McCain will support efforts towards establishing democratic states not only in the Middle East but also in Sub-Saharan Africa.Regarding immigrants, McCain is pushing for stricter immigration laws. He views illegal immigrants as a threat to national security. The U. S. should secure the U. S. -Mexico border which is perceived as the major route of illegal immigrants. He initiated decree efforts in setting up an immigrant status verification system and for employers to hire persons who are legal immigrants (America. ov). McCain also sees it the responsibility of immigrants to master U. S. English, acquire knowledge on U. S. history, constitution and government in order to effectively integrate themselves in society. McCain is also supportive of reducing the taxes of the running(a) class by as oftentimes as $2,700. 00 annually and to also offer tax credit to families who could not afford wellness insurance as well as allow individuals to defy their insurance regardless if they move to another state or seek another job (America. gov).Taxes should also be maximized by evaluating all government programs and removing those that are not eff ective. With regards to education, he thinks that through encouraging competition, public instructs will be motivated to provide their students top-performing teachers whose abilities would translate in higher performance of their students (America. gov). For this to work, teachers should be given proper incentives based on the output of their students.Finally, John McCain is an advocate of free trade and supports the continuing role of the U.S. in the North American Free sell Association and other trade relations that are already in place and in expanding these relations to include other developing countries (Washingtonpost. com). In responding to the unemployment brought around by the relocation of the operations of U. S. companies to the third world, providing further education and training would give the laid-off workers the opportunity to hold jobs related to trade (America. gov). Hillary Clinton Hillary Clinton is the up-to-the-minute senator from pertly York.She served a s first lady to her husband Bill Clinton, who was a former governor of Arkansas and a two-term president beginning in 1993 (America. gov). She is also an attorney, an ammonium alum of Yale Law School and a writer of many books. She is an advocate of many issues such as tax-cuts for the middle class, a universal health insurance program, repair of immigration laws and the safeguarding of our foodstuffs from the threats of bioterrorism (America. gov).When elected, Clinton would call for the withdrawal of U. S. roops in Iraq believing that a globally coordinated effort towards diplomacy, as opposed to force, will work take up in establishing democracy in that country (Washingtonpost. com). This is underscored when she stated that she kick upstairss creating alliances to counteract threats than moving alone and using military might. She proposes limiting the access of nuclear facilities to uranium to pass away the possibility of their use for terrorist activities. In the same manne r, global alliances are the best way to deal with issues related to the environment, poverty and disease and the U.S. should work to provide the prerequisite leadership (Washingtonpost. com).With regards to trade, Clinton calls for an evaluation of the effects that major trade agreements such as the NAFTA have caused to the workers in America. She does not propose revocation of these agreements but rather to regenerate them so that the rights and wel farawaye of American workers are taken into consideration (America. gov). She will move to further enhance the capacity of the Trade Adjustment Assistance in helping the workers who lost their jobs because of the relocation of their companies (America. ov).She also recognized the lack of competent teachers in public schools, high drop out rates of high school ethnic minorities and that many Americans can not afford university education. As such, she would institute tax credits for those enrolled in university and to generate scholarsh ip programs. To help reduce the current health problem, she will focus on promoting health selective information and in directing the health services sector to further develop preventive measures against diseases (America. gov). Barack ObamaBarack Obama entered politics in 2004 as Illinois senator after working in the state senate for eight years (America. gov). He has traveled a lot and held a career as an organizer and civil rights lawyer in Chicago, having graduated from Harvard Law School. He is also active in the Veterans Affairs Committee, partly responsible for the welfare of American soldiers from overseas. Obama has long criticized the occupation of U. S. troops in Iraq and like Clinton, would see that the Defense Department will begin the withdrawal of American troops in the Middle-Eastern country (Washingtonpost. om).He attributes the incapacity of the Iraqi government to dependence on U. S. initiatives so that withdrawal of troops would compel them to fulfill their lead ership responsibilities. U. S. support should be in the form of humanitarian assistance and in involving Iraqs neighbors in the over-all effort to promote peace and stability in that country (America. gov). He is in favor of expanding the current number of the army and marines towards better protecting the U. S. rom nuclear attacks which is the most serious threat to national security at the moment (America. gov). Therefore, he will initiate a world-wide endeavor to regulate the use of nuclear resources and weaponry and ensure that these are not availed of by terrorist organizations and rouge states.Obama has so far taken the most liberal position in terms of international relations as he stated that the U. S. should be open to establish discourse with as many countries as possible regardless of their style of government (America. ov). He emphasized the responsibility of the U. S. in alleviating poverty world-wide through the efforts of well-trained civilian aid groups and the mili tary (American. gov). He will also focus on developing relations with Asian states, especially China, to challenge them to adhere to international policies. In the field of view of education, he will also work towards employing more teachers and for education system to increase knowledge levels in the areas of mathematics and science (America. gov).He proposes tax credits to university students, additional patronage for education programs including skills training for employment and giving scholarships to students committed to building careers in teaching (Washingtonpost. com). Further, Obama would also like to see tax cuts for the working class and in removing the income taxes of those with the lowest income (American. gov). He would also institute a health insurance for children, for employers to shoulder a portion of their workers expenses for health insurance and for health care providers to be transparent regarding their expenditures.Finally, Obama is also interested in and h as taken steps towards the enactment of a law permitting the American public to access information regarding how revenue is allocated. He would also institute a system of validating immigrant status prior to employment and that illegal immigrants with no criminal records in the U. S. should be fined if they wish to stay in the country (America. gov). He is against the involvement of the U. S. in trade organizations because of human rights, environment and worker related issues. The Republican and Democrat vexThe main differences between Republican and Democrat candidates are in their political and economic paradigms free trade as against a little government law of the economy, diplomacy and global coalitions versus military aggression, funding high tech military and defense system or funding healthcare and education. The Republican John McCains stand on issues is largely derived from his background in the military and with continuing the policies of the current administration of a fellow Republican. A major theme in his platform is with regards to national security, threats from rogue states and the prominent role of the military.He is also an advocate of Bushs foreign policy of free trade. Democrats Clinton and Obama are in favor of diplomacy and the formation of global coalitions instead of primarily using military force in addressing national security and other global issues. They turn over in global nuclear weapons regulation but not in enhancing U. S. weapons and military capacity. They call for the evaluation of U. S. involvement in free trade organizations and they also propose a review of U. S. foreign trade policies in order to pursue the protection of workers jobs in the U. S. They also seek to provide more funding for health care and education.

Workers Participation In Management Management Essay

Workers amour In Management Management EssayWorkers employment is a system where workers and management share important information with each(prenominal) other and participate in decision taking. Workers participation in management is an essential ingredient of Industrial democracy. The concept of workers participation in management is base on Human Relations approach to Management which brought about a new set of values to labor and management.Workers participation in management implies mental and emotional involvement of workers in the management of Enterprise. It is considered as a mechanism where workers have a say in the decision-making. It is a process by which ascendence and responsibility of managing industry are shared with workers. purposes of Workers Participation in ManagementEconomic ObjectiveWorkers participation in management aims at increasing productivity of labor by improving cooperation between employer and employees. Productivity is sought to be addd by im proving job satisfaction and industrial relations.Social ObjectiveUnder participation, industry is considered as a social institution in which each and every worker has a vested interest. The purpose of participation is to ensure kind dignity and to get the workers a respectable status in the society.Psychological ObjectiveWorkers participation in management seeks to bring about a tilt in the attitude of the workers. Through participation, they will consider themselves an integral part of the industry rather than mere working hands. Participation provides the employees an opportunity to express themselves thereby satisfying their non-economic needs. It provides them a sense of belonging, pride and accomplishment.Importance of Workers Participation in ManagementWorkers Participation in Management provides the following benefitsMutual UnderstandingParticipation brings the two parties closer and makes them sure of each others problems. As a result, a better understanding and mutual trust can be created between employer and workers. high ProductivityCooperation between management and labor helps to increase production and profits of the industry. Participation improves employee motivation and job satisfaction which in turn help to increase their efficiency. Higher productivity leads to lower costs per unit and greater profits which are beneficial to all.Industrial HarmonyWorkers participation in management helps to come down industrial disputes and to improve workers loyalty. Continuous dialogue between management and workers improves peace in industry.Industrial DemocracyWorkers participation in management ushers in industrial democracy which is necessary for semipolitical democracy. Need for outside intervention between employer and employees is eliminated and workers are freed from exploitation.Less Resistance to ChangeWorkers often resist change delinquent to fear and ignorance. When workers participate in the decision making, they come to understand tha t change is ultimately in their own interest. They become more able and ready to suck in themselves to technological and other changes made to improve the competitive position of the company.Creativity and InnovationParticipation elevates workers to think and take initiative. Their talent and ability can be capitalized highly competent employees can be spotted and given prevention.Forms / Methods of Workers Participation in ManagementSuggestion schemesParticipation of workers can take place by suggestion scheme. Under this method workers are invited and encouraged to offer suggestions for improving the working of the enterprise. A suggestion box is installed and any worker can carry with his suggestions and drop them in the box. Periodically all the suggestions are scrutinized by the suggestion committee or suggestion screening committee. The committee is constituted by peer prototype from the management and the workers. The committee screens various suggestions received from the workers. Good suggestions are accepted for implementation and suitable awards are given to the concerned workers. Suggestion schemes encourage workers interest in the functioning of an enterprise.Works committeeUnder the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, every establishment employing 100 or more workers is required to constitute a Works Committee. Such a committee consists of equal number of representatives from the employer and the employees. The main purpose of this committee is to provide measures for securing and preserving amity and good relations between the employer and the employees. voice Management CouncilsJoint consultation is the process whereby employer consults the workers either directly or through their representatives and seeks their opinion on various issues while retaining to him the right of taking last-place decisions. Joint consultation is a popular form of popular participation in management. These councils consist of equal number of representatives of the employers and employees, non exceeding 12 at the plant level. The council discusses various matters relating to the working of the industry. This council is entrusted with the responsibility of administering welfare measures, supervision of safety and health schemes, scheduling of working hours, rewards for suggestions etc.Work directorsUnder this method, one or two representatives ofworkers are nominated or elected to theBoard of Directors. This is the full-fledged and highest form ofworkers participation in management.The basic idea behind this method is thatthe representation of workers at the top-level wouldusher Industrial Democracy, congenial employee-employer relations and safeguard the workers interests. TheGovernment of India introduced thisscheme in several public sectorenterprises such as Hindustan Antibiotics, Hindustan natural Chemicals Ltd etc. However the scheme of appointment of such adirector from among the employees failed miserably and thescheme was subsequently dropped.Co-partnershipCo-partnership involvesemployees participation in the share capital of a company inwhich they are employed. By virtue oftheir being shareholders, they havethe right to participate in themanagement of the company. Shares of thecompany can be acquired by workers making cash payment or by wayof stock options scheme. The basic objective of stock options is not topass on control in the hands ofemployees but providing better financial incentives forindustrial productivity.Shop councilsGovernment of India, on the 30th of October 1975 announced a new scheme in WPM. In every Industrial establishment employing 500 or more workmen, the employer shall constitute a support council. Shop council represents each department or a let on in a unit. Each shop council consists of an equal number of representatives fromboth employer and employees. The employers representatives will be nominated by the management and moldiness consist of persons in spite of appearance the establ ishment. The workers representatives will be from among the workers of the department or shop concerned. The total number of employees may not exceed 12.Workers Participation in Management in IndiaWorkers participation in Management in India was given importance only after Independence. The workers participation in management is not new even though it got encouragement only after independence. In 1920, Mahatma Gandhi observed Employees should not regard themselves as sole owners of mills and factories of which they may be legal owners. They should regard themselves trustees.Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 was the premier step in this direction, which recommended for the setting up of works committees. The joint management councils were established in 1950 which increased the labor participation in management. Since July 1975 the two-tier participation called shop councils at shop level and Joint councils were introduced. Workers participation in Management Bill, 1990 was introduced in Parliament which provided scope for upliftment of workers. But still in India, workers participation is not given so much importance because of several(prenominal) of the reasons. These reasons could be discussed below.Reasons for Failure of Workers Participation in IndiaSome of the reasons for the failure of Workers Participation in India can be are as followsEmployers have by and large resisted workers participation in decision-making. They feel that workers are not competent enough to take decisions. There is no clear evidence to convince coachs that participative management will really lead to higher productivity and profitability.Lower level needs of workers are not richly satisfied. Therefore majority of Indian workers are not motivated enough to assume decision making responsibility either directly or through their representatives.Workers representatives who participate in management have to perform the dual role of workers spokesmen and co-managers. Very few representa tives are competent enough to assume the two inconsistent roles.Generally trade union leaders, who represent workers, are also active members of political parties. While participating in management they give priority to political interest rather than the interests of the workers.Schemes of workers participation have been initiated and sponsored by the government. There has been a lack of initiative on the part of both the employers and the trade unions.The focus has been on participation at higher levels. As a result rank and file of workers are not involved in decision making on matters directly affecting them.In India, labor laws regulate virtually all terms and conditions of employment at the work place. Workers do not feel the push to participate.The unwillingness of the employer to share powers with the workers representatives, the disinterest of the workers and the perfunctory attitude of the government towards participation in management act as stumbling blocks in the way o f promotion of participative management.Measures for making Participation effectiveEmployershouldadopt aprogressiveoutlook. They shouldconsiderthe industry as a joint endeavor in whichworkers have an equal say. Workers should be provided and enlightened about the benefits of their participation in themanagement.Employersand workers should agreeon theobjectivesof theindustry.They should recognize and respect the rights of each other.Workers and theirrepresentatives should be provided education and trainingin thephilosophy and process of participative management. Workers shouldbe made aware ofthe benefits of participative managementThere shouldbe effective communicationbetweenworkersand management and effective consultation of workers by the management in decisions that have an impact on them.Participationshouldbe a continuousprocess.To beginwith, participation should start at the operating level ofmanagement.A mutual co-operation andcommitment to participationmust be developed by bot h management andlabor.Modern scholars are of the mind that the old adage a worker is a worker, a manager is a manager never thetwain shall meet should be replaced by managers and workers are partners in the progress of business. Thus the above given are some of the measures to improve upon the failure of workers participation in India.

The Dutch East India Company

The Dutch vitamin E India CompanyBusiness of employment had began during the mid 15th century on April 2, 1595, when very outset three ships named Mauritius, Hollandia, Amsterdam had left of together in the search of the eastern coast. By august of 1595 only three ships had successfully returned with only 87 breathing out of 249 crew sailors. They had earned moderate amount of profit. Their first attempt to sail towards the east had been miraculously successful which opened s everal(prenominal) commerce routes with numerous others tidy sumrs wanting to trade as well, including traders from Zeeland, Holland and Portugal. The English were not happy as it was a free trading blood and every(prenominal) other country were winning advantage of it, especi every(prenominal)y the Portuguese. Due to this the spice trade in 16th century, were over kinged by the Portuguese.Investment in a venture during those days was very risky, ascribable to the inelastic demand and elastic supply o f spices that would bring prices up and down. Therefore in order to limit the competition Johan Van Oldenbarneveldt decided to monopolize the trade by establishing a trading company named Dutch eastmost India Company, which would be only operated by a group of Dutch merchants. The company was grant a monopoly over Asian market trades. The first Dutch trading post was established on March 20th, 1602 in Banten West Java that marked the number one of the independent trading companies. On that day, with the monopoly to trade spices all over the Asian markets and Asian Waters from the Cape of Good Hope. The Dutch East India company was in any case known as Vereenigde Landsche Ge-Oktroyeerde Oostindische Compagnie, or VOC, or United East Indian Company. The executive directors of VOC were called Heeren Swewtien or Lord Seventeen. The company had six chambers in Amsterdam, Middleburg Enkhuizen, Delft, Hoorn and Rotterdam. VOC was granted an official monopoly for trading spices all over East Asia.Henry Hudson was an English explorer navigator, was in search for finding a shortest northeast route, but he sailed into a Half Moon to Spitsbergen in the B arents Sea in the northern coast of Russia to a stop with an extreme ice and cold. In 1608 Hudson was hired by Dutch East India Company. Dutch East India Company wanted Henry to find the shortest sailing route to Asia from the coast of Russia, in order to expand its business. Hudson had approach failure every time he left with his ship Good Hope and crew, in search for finding the shortest route, most of the time due to the yucky weather conditions, had forced him return to England. Due to this Dutch East India Company had lost his hope in Hudson. In 1611 Hudson made his final journey to the east with his crew in the same ship Good Hope and never returned back as they had starved to death, as he was never heard again.CharacteristicsThe Dutch East India Company was the first northern Europe Company that took trading routes away from the Germanic Hanseatic League, which was a group of seven German merchants who established trading through northern Europe, before VOC. This company controlled trading mostly in Italy, but when VOC came along it started off with a great success in trading all across Europe. They usually bought goods in bulk which were rarely sold at reduced cost by their competitor Germanic Henseatic League. Further on Dutch East India Company set up factories in Bandar, on Persian Gulf and bantam on Malay Archipelago, and in Zealander (new name Taiwan) to protagonist Portuguese in their spice trade for eastern coast. By 1620, the Dutch East India Company had the biggest trading can in all across Europe.The Dutch East India Company was a joint venture stock company that monopolized the trade of spice in the 16th and 17th century. They established trading ports all across Asia. The 17th Century was ruled by the Dutch, were Amsterdam was their major spice trading center. Their tradi ng would include colonial goods such as pelt and Nutmeg. The company had signed authoritarian power treaties, under the name of Republic, which gave the company authorities to wage war and to conquer territories. In 1619 VOC had conquered Jayakarta by the false map of authoritarian powers and founded Batavia there. By conquering territories it was believed that by doing this it impart now help them seek to become other territories friends, which later on turned out incorrect. Populations of several other territories in Mulluccas islands in Indonesia were empowered to forcefully cultivate spices similar enforcement were applied in Asia either by persuasion or violence.Forts were forcefully construct in South Africa, India, Sri Lanka and Indonesia. China and Japan had refused in letting any immaterialers coming in by closing countries borders. But VOC had received permission to report its trading activity by the nearby island named Decima near Nagasaki.Main Line of BusinessDutch trades had taken over the world in their trading business their controlled trade routes include Baltic and North Sea, establishing factories, ports and settlements all across Asia and pacific including Arabia, India, China, Sri Lanka, Indonesia and Japan. By doing this Dutch East India Company has been able to stock its warehouses with colonial goods with foreign spices, and goods. Out of all the territories Asia had suffered the most being forcefully cultivating spices and giving up their minerals such as spices, textiles, coffee, tea, tobacco, opium, tropical wood, iron, copper, silver, gold, porcelain, dyes, shells etc, were forcefully captivated and transported by the Dutch East India Company.In 1652 Dutch trade expands by setting refueling stations in Africa, at the Cape of Good Hope. They had also opened several other ports in India and Malay Archipelago. But their headquarter were tactfully placed at Batavia and in Malay Archipelago. In 1641 VOC had conquered Malacca from P ortuguese. Meanwhile, by 1656 another few headquarters were strategically build in Chinsura, Benegal, Colombo (Sri Lanka), and followed by placing harbor at Malbar in India. Upon Japans refusal in being involved with any foreign Trade with VOC, VOC oblige exclusive authoritarian rights to trade at Nagasaki in 1639. In next few years their Expansion of ports, headquarters and refueling stations, numerously increased, with that increased their authoritarian power over all the territories into forcing them to cultivating what they wanted them to.Managed and GovernedThe Dutch East India Company was in power from 1602-1798 it was governed and chartered by Governor-Generals of Netherlands which were assigned by the Dutch Government. The first Governor-General ever appointed by the Dutch Government was Pieter Both in 1610. There were hundreds of Governor-General that came along in the Dutch East India Company, each of them approximately ruled amongst 2-10 years, and all of their aims wer e to expand the trade as much as possible and maintain close relations between government and its entrepreneur enterprises across the world, charge mostly on Asia.The company had a charter granted by States of General of the United Netherlands, on March 20th, 1602. The company was entitled to follow every written in the charter.Historical SignificanceOne of the major historical significance of VOC in the history of business is that they were the first ones to build an entire pudding stone of trading in numerous countries. Their dedicating effort and willingness to find the sailing routes, to Asia, turned out to be a great success, which opened tremendous amount of hazard for them to trade, and VOC strategically took complete advantage of the opportunities available out there.Impacts of Dutch East India Company in history are like two sides of coin, there are good and bad effects. Yet we can learn from both kinds of impacts. One of the major historical entrepreneurial importance o f VOC was that, that they the first ever multinational corporation in the entire world, with the joint venture stock company. They were also the worlds largest commercial entity in 17th and 18th century, which employed approximately 30,000 people. Yet the Dutch East India Companys historical significance still remains remarkably iniquitous, to several territories as to upon their strict refusal to trade goods VOC were still able to get them to cultivate and trade goods against their will with either by persuasion or violence.

What Is Service Marketing Mix Marketing Essay

What Is Service Marketing Mix Marketing EssayMarketing mix is the key concept in the trade task. It is the strategy used to perform merchandising functions. Marketing mix according to De Aze (1985) is the planned package of components which will support the organization in reaching its purport markets and specific objectives. Marketing mix helps to position the library or information good very firmly in the perceptions of their communities maked the wider conjunction for the public library, academic community for the academic library or the clients and clients for the business or specialist information service. Marketing mix needs more(prenominal) properly to be termed selling mixes, to get ahead librarians and information managers to perceive the value of different marketing mixes for specific market segments or groups of users. These atomic number 18 inter-related, interdependent, and alike a combination of m each instruments.CUsersAjayDownloads69e6aa0beac8f353cdcc2768 df8d9bdb_LARGE.png crossway As seen in the goods-service continuum, your product post have two tangible and intangible aspects, and is the thing you offer to satisfy your customers wants and needs.Within this element, you need to convey such things as your product range its caliber and design its features and the benefits it offers sizing and packaging and any add-on guarantees and customer service offerings.Price Sound wrong decisions argon crucial to a successful business and should be considered at both long-term strategic and short-term tactical levels.Within this element of the mix you should consider list price and discount price terms and conditions of fabricatement and the price sensitivity of your market. Worth remembering is the connection of price to your position in the marketing specifically that only one operator in any market deal be the cheapest. Jostling between competitors for this position is r arly wise.Promotion This is the element of the marketing mix t hat most people mean when they talk about marketing. But jumping straight into decisions about what promotional tools to use without considering their relationship to the ease of the mix can be a sure-fire way to waste money.There are many different promotional techniques, each with their own strengths plainly essentially they can be broken down into four broad categories Advertising Public Relations Sales Promotions and Direct Selling. These techniques are used to return the specific benefits of your product to your customers.Place Marketers love models that explain the way they work they love it so far more when elements of each model begin with the same letter hence the use of the word Place to describe distri notwithstandingion channels.Your choice of such channels is important, as is the variety of channels you use. For example, a common trouble for businesses beginning to trade on- retrace is how that will affect their off-line business, for example selling directly wi th the web could alienate retail outlets that have been the backbone of your business in the past.People The impact that your people can have on your marketing cannot be underestimated. At its most obvious, this element covers your front line sales and customer service mental faculty who will have a direct impact on how your product is perceived.You need to consider the knowledge and skills of your staff their motivation and investment in supporting your brand. Any element of the marketing mix will in like manner have its impact on other elements of your business, but the people element is one where the importance of regarding marketing as an integral embark on of the way you do business is crystal clear.Process The process part of the mix is about being easy to do business with. If youve ever become frustrated at call centers that cant answer your questions, or miffed when you cant buy something in a shop because the computerized till doesnt recognize that it exists, even when you can see it on the shelves, youll know how important this element can be.The more high contact your product, and the more intangible, the more important it is to get your processes right. Remember to look at this from your customers point of view. The process problems that are most devil to a customer are those that are designed for the providers convenience, not the customer.Physical Evidence When you sell tangible goods, you can offer your customer the chance to adjudicate before they buy, or at least see, touch or smell. With services, unless you offer a free trial, your customer will often be buying on trust. And to help them do so you need to provide as much show up of the quality you will be providing as possible.So physical evidence refers to all the tangible, seeable touch points that your customer will encounter before they buy, from your reception area and signage, to your staffs clothing and they images you include in you corporate brochure.7ps service marketing m ix in mc DonaldsAfter segmenting the market, finding the target segment and positioning itself, each company needs to come up with an offer. The 7 Ps used by McDonalds areProductProduct is the physical product or service offered to the consumer. Product includes received aspects such as packaging, guarantee, looks etc. This includes both the tangible and the non tangible aspects of the product and service.McDonalds has intentionally kept its product depth and product width limited. McDonalds studied the behaviour of the Indian customer and provided a all told different add-in as compared to its International offering. It dropped ham, beef and mutton burgers from the menu. India is the only country where McDonalds serve vegetarian menu. Even the sauce and cheese used in India are 100% vegetarian. McDonalds continuously innovates its products according to the changing preferences and tastes of its customers. The recente xample is the introduction of the Chicken Maharaja Mac. McDona lds bring with it a globally reputed brand, world class food quality and resplendent customer specific product features.McDonalds Indian MenuVegetarianMcVeggieMcAlooTikki locomoteeer Salsa WrapMcCurry Pan pizza pie McPuffNon vegetarianChicken Maharaja MacMcChicken BurgerShahi Chicken McCurryWrap Chicken MexicanFillet-O-FishChicken McNuggetsPricePricing includes the list price, the discount functions available, the financing options available etc. It should alike portion out into the consideration the probable reaction from the competitor to the pricing strategy. This is the most important part of the marketing mix as this is the only part which generates revenue. All the other three are expenses incurred. The price must take into consideration the appropriate demand-supply equation. McDonalds came up with a very catchy punch line Aap ke zamane mein ,baap ke zamane ke daam. This was to attract the middle and lower class consumers and the effect can clearly be seen in the consumer base McDonalds has now. McDonalds has certain value pricing and bundling strategies such as happy meal, combo meal, family meal and happy price menu to increase overall sales volumes.PlaceThe place mainly consists of the distribution channels. It is important so that the product is available to the customer at the right place, at the right time and in the right quantity. Nearly 50% of U.S.A is within a 3 minute drive from a McDonalds outlet. There is a certain full point of fun and happiness that a customer feels each time he dines at McDonalds. There are certain value propositions that McDonalds offer to its customers found on their needs. McDonalds offers hygienic environment, good ambience and great service. Now McDonalds have overly started giving internet facility at their centers and they have been playing medical specialty through radio instead of the normal music. There are certain dedicated areas for children where they can play while their parents can have some qualit y time together.PromotionThe various promotion channels being used by McDonalds to effectively communicate the product information are given above. A clear understanding of the customer value helps decide whether the cost of promotion is worth spending. There are three main objectives of advertising for McDonalds are to gull people aware of an item, feel positive about it and remember it. The right message has to be communicated to the right audience through the right media. McDonalds does its promotion through television, hoardings and bus shelters. They use print ads and the television programmers are also an important marketing medium for promotion. Some of the most famous marketing campaigns of McDonalds are You merit a break to solar day, so get up and get away- To McDonalds Aap ke zamane mein ,baap ke zamane ke daam. Food, Folks, and FunIm loving it.PeopleMcDonalds understands the value of both its employees and its customers. It understands the fact that a happy employee ca n serve well and result in a happy customer. McDonald continuously does Internal Marketing. This is important as it must precede external marketing. This includes hiring, prep and cause able employees. This way they serve customers well and the final result is a happy customer.The level of importance has changed to be in the following order (the more important people are at the top)1. Customers2. Front line employees3. Middle level managers4. Front line managersProcessesMcDonalds worldwide is well known for the high degree of respect for the local customs and culture. McDonalds has developed a menu especially for India with vegetarian selections to suit Indian tastes and preferences. Keeping in line with this, McDonalds does not offer any beef or pork items in India. In the last decade it has introduced some vegetarian and non-vegetarian products with local flavors that have appealed to the Indian palate. There have been continuous efforts to rise variety in the menu by developin g more such products. It is all told transparent and visible to the customers, allowing them to judge hygiene standards where the process takes place. The customers are even invited to check the ingredients used in the food.McDonalds has also re-engineered its operations borrowedly in its 11 years in India to address the special requirements of a vegetarian menu. Vegetable products are 100% vegetarian, i.e.They are prepared separately, exploitation dedicated equipment and utensils.Only pure vegetarian oil is used as a cooking medium.Cheese and sauces are completely vegetarian and egg less.Separation of vegetarian and non-vegetarian food products is maintained throughout the various stages of procurement, cooking and serving.Food manufacturing transparent to customers across the counter.Training to the licensees about how to operate the franchise.Invented the most expeditious cooking equipment with use of latest technology.New methods of food packaging and distribution are follow edPhysical evidenceThe physical appearance affects not only the moving picture outsiders have of a business but also the way that business functions. McDonalds focuses on clean and hygienic interiors of its out lets at the same time they are attractive. It maintains a proper decorum at its joints. Staff members dress in McDonalds Dress code with Green shirts, Blue trousers, Black caps and Customized Ronald McDonalds tie.Building maintenance and visible cues are provided by the golden arches, the trademarks and the logos in the premises. The delivery scooters also add to the physicality of the company.7ps service marketing mix in pizza chanteyAfter segmenting the market, finding the target segment and positioning itself, each company needs to come up with an offer. The 7 Ps used by Pizza chantey arePRODUCTWorldwide and in India, Pizza Hut has come to become synonymous with the best pizzas under one roof. This is because at Pizza Hut the belief is that every pizza has its own magic , thus making it a destination product which everyone seeks. It is this belief that has ignited the passion to create, innovate and serve the finest product the industry has to offer, while setting standards for others to strive to replicate. Pizza Hut is committed to providing uncompromising product quality, offering customers the highest value for money and giving service that is warm, friendly and personal. A critical factor in Pizza Huts success has been its unique eat experience. Crewmembers at Pizza Hut strive each day to provide customer mania the kind of service that ensures that every visit of the customer is a memorable one.Over the years Pizza Hut has also developed and successfully introduced a range of products especially suited to the Indian palate. These products like Chicken Tikka, Spicy Korma, Spicy Paneer and the Masala and Tandoori pizzas have been a tremendous success. What has also given Pizza Hut a competitive edge is that in addition to an extensive range of internationally renowned pizzas like The Italian, the proprietary Pan Pizza and Stuffed Crust, in India the menu offers the option of a complete meal. It includes appetizers, a Salad Bar where the customers can make their own fresh salads, a range of soups, pastas and desserts setIn the past, Pizza Hut has successfully used the high/low pricing strategy when setting the retail price of its products. The high/low retail pricing strategy allows Pizza Hut to charge a price that is above the competition, but also promote frequent sales to lower the price below them. Both Pizza Hut and the beverage Mountain Dew are Pepsi subsidiaries, bundle pricing will be used.. Pizza Hut will be able to sell two products together at a single price to suggest a good value. Different groups of customers are willing to pay different prices for the same product. Pizza Hut can sell The Extreme to the customers who will pay the higher price to be the first to buy and also to the bargain hunters Finally, t his strategy will emphasize product and service quality. Pizza Hut sets a high initial price for its products to send a sign to customers that its products are quality and the service is excellent.PROMOTIONThe objectives of promotion are to introduce a new product, stimulate demand, change the short-term behavior of the customers, and encourage repeat or greater usage by current customers. Pizza hut uses many promotional strategies. The main promotion is a coupon to purchase. This promotion is also distributed mainly by mail (VIP members), but also by fliers on college campuses around the country in order to reach the target market. They are victimization billboards on main stream places to get there customer. They are also distributing door to door brochures to capture more and more customers. Pizza huts also using marketing techniques. These are the strategies Pizza hut is using for its marketing. Pizza huts trys to attract the younger generation as their main market segment. Apa rt from this Pizza Hut is using intense marketing strategies they are also giving ads in magazines. Advertising camping will creates awareness of the products in our target markets.PEOPLE here(predicate) the job design is not the most difficult task to do. Also there is no specific requirement for recruiting process. After talking one of the employees in Pizza Hut, we came to know the criteria of selection. The girl was from west India, she was only 10th passed out. After this we it was confirmed that there is no proper requirement of the educational background. The only factor they were considering on the communication skills, how they communicate with the customers. Since the communication is the most important factor between the customer and employee because the whole process is depended on giving the orders for food. For this the Management conducted the training process for the new employees. The Training is given for total 5 old age. Out of 5 days, they have 3 days for kitchen training and other 2 days in the main dining, that is, how to take orders and basically how to communicate with customers and make them happy by their services.PROCESSThe design of the process of the pizza hut is very effective .pizza hut do not follow any kind of hierarchy , all the employee is at the same level ,pizza hut has a very bring down and well known process by adopting various technology software which help them to upgrade their supply management and also manage their crowd of customer efficiently.PHYSICAL EVIDENCEThe ambience of the pizza hut is good enough to catch up the people .they provide a very good dining experience with high quality of atmosphere in terms of their physical evidence. And pizza hut always try to upgrade with changing environment and modernisation is key of success of the pizza hut.

“Answering Jewish Objections to Jesus: Theological Objections” :: Religion, Jewish Apologetics

In his second volume on Judaic apologetics, Michael Brown answers twenty eight Jewish theological objections. Brown summarizes this book in his preface Theological objections, treated at length in the current volume, cut to the heart of the differences between handed-down Judaism and the Messianic Jewish/Christian faith. They revolved around the nature of God (the Trinity, the deity of Jesus, the person of the Holy Spirit), the nature of man and the need for salvation, and sin and the heart of atonement. In sum, these objections claim, The religion of the New Testament is a completely foreign religion that is not only un-Jewish but is also unfaithful to the Hebrew Bible. With weigh to cutting to the heart of the differences between traditional Judaism and Messianic Jewish/Christian faith, I really appreciate the way Michael Brown demonstrated in a scholarly and balanced way that the Christian faith was perfectly compatible with the Jewish Tanakh. His discussion on the Trinity (th e Tri-unity) was excellent. He demonstrated that the Hebrew interchange for one, echad, does not necessarily refer to absolute unity and, in fact, could very well refer to compound unity (Page 4). He provides examples from the Hebrew Bible where echad is apply of a compound or complex unity as per the oneness of Adam and Eve, the many components of the tabernacle being one unified tabernacle, and the one nation of Israel which is made up of hundreds of thousands of people (5). I loved the way he backed up his discussion of the Shema as referring the concept of uniqueness (Deut. 64) by citing the New Jewish Publication Society Version Hear, O Israel The LORD is our God, the LORD alone (page 6) Brown demonstrated the deity of Christ by focussing on Him as the Son of God and Word of God, who shares in the divine nature, and who revealed Himself to His people in the Old Testament (15-37). I enjoyed Browns handling of the apparent conflict between the passages which declare that no o ne has seen God with the other passages which clearly state that God was seen by Abraham, Moses, and Jacob (27-34). As he install it, it is Jesus the Messiahthe divine Son, the image of the invisible God, the Word made flesh, the exact representation of the Fathers beingwho solves the riddle and explains how someone could really see God, even though God cannot be seen.

Can You Love Someone Too Much? Essay -- essays research papers

What a question to ponder I ready tried writing this essay many times and have realized that this is a very difficult topic. Is it possible to experience someone too much? If you look at the question you first must narrow down what love is and what it means to you before you can determine if it is actually possible to love someone too much. The Webster Dictionary defines love as profoundly tender, a passionate affection for another person. In my opinion, to love someone is to care not only about them as a person unless also about their well being. You can love a person even if that individual does not feel the same way about you, or if the person just doesnt understand why you are feeling this way toward him or her. Its like when youre a little squirt and your parents tell you all the stuff not to touch, not to do, and they keep on reminding you over and over again. Theyre reminding you constantly, not to get on your nerves, but because they applyt want you to get hurt. They l ove you, and because of this conceptive feeling of love, they want to make sure you are safe. To love someone is to have such strong feelings, so deeply felt that your life would not be complete or the same without them. You would do anything in the world to be with them and you will do absolutely everything for them because it feels good and right. This reminds me of a song by Canadian artist Brian Adams Everything I do I do it for you. He sings of a strong love in this song. A love that everything he does makes...